• Indian Institute of Astrophysics researchers identify potential cosmic string candidates by observing a galaxy pair believed to be lensed by a cosmic string.
• The study focuses on the galaxy pair SDSSJ110429.61+233150.3, suggesting its split image is due to gravitational lensing by a cosmic string.
• Further investigation using 4-meter class telescopes, like the Devasthal Optical Telescope, is recommended to confirm the findings and provide irrefutable evidence.

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics have identified potential cosmic string candidates based on the observation of a galaxy pair, SDSSJ110429.61+233150.3. The team postulates that what appears to be two separate galaxies is actually a single galaxy whose image has been split due to gravitational lensing caused by a cosmic string. Cosmic strings are theoretical one-dimensional defects in spacetime believed to have formed in the early universe. This finding, if confirmed, could provide the first visual evidence of cosmic strings and support theories about the universe's formation.

• What: Identification of potential cosmic string candidates through observation of a galaxy pair and the hypothesis of gravitational lensing by a cosmic string.
• Who: Researchers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics.
• When: Findings publicized last month (article published Apr 30, 2025).
• Where: Observed field of space designated as CSc-1.

The identification of potential cosmic string candidates is a significant development in cosmology. Cosmic strings, if they exist, could provide insights into the early universe and the formation of large-scale structures. The researchers' hypothesis that the observed galaxy pair's split image is due to gravitational lensing by a cosmic string is compelling, but requires further confirmation. The recommendation to use advanced telescopes like the Devasthal Optical Telescope for further examination is crucial to validate these findings and potentially provide the first definitive visual evidence of cosmic strings. The cautious approach of the researchers, acknowledging alternative explanations, strengthens the credibility of their work.

The significant correlation between the spectra of the two components indicates the possible GL (gravitational lensing) nature of the pair. Our simulations of observational data in the CSc-1 field shows that a large number of pairs can be explained by the complex geometry of the CS (cosmic string).

The observed angle between the components of the pair can be explained if the CS is strongly inclined and, possibly, bent in the image plane.

The study by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics presents a potentially significant milestone in the search for cosmic strings. While not definitive proof, the identification of potential candidates and the hypothesis of gravitational lensing provide a compelling avenue for further research. Confirmation of these findings could revolutionize our understanding of the early universe and the fundamental forces that shape it. Future observations using advanced telescopes are essential to solidify these results and unlock the mysteries of cosmic strings.