• A systematic review estimates a 1.37% incidence of new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection, higher than the general population rate.
• Texas measles outbreak surpasses 700 cases, with the majority occurring in unvaccinated individuals, leading to hospitalizations.
• Freeze-dried Jynneos mpox vaccine production secured by the US government for improved storage and longer shelf life.

The article presents several public health updates. A key focus is on a systematic review estimating the incidence of new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection to be 1.37%, based on an analysis of 35 studies encompassing 4.4 million COVID-19 patients. This is compared to a 0.59% rate in the general US population in 2021. The article also reports on a significant measles outbreak in Texas, exceeding 700 cases, primarily affecting unvaccinated individuals and resulting in hospitalizations. Further updates include the US government securing the production of a freeze-dried mpox vaccine and a study showing a lower risk of cardiovascular events in shingles vaccine recipients.

• What: Systematic review of new-onset diabetes after COVID-19 infection, measles outbreak update, mpox vaccine production, shingles vaccine cardiac benefits, and influenza antiviral effectiveness.
• Who: Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Texas Department of State Health Services (TDSHS), Danish drugmaker Bavarian Nordic, researchers at Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, and researchers at the Mayo Clinic.
• When: Diabetes study reviewed publications up to October 2023. Texas measles outbreak reported as of May 16, 2024. Shingles vaccine study covered 2012-2021. Mpox vaccine order announced May 16, 2024.
• Where: Diabetes studies from around the world. Measles outbreak mainly in west Texas. Shingles vaccine study in South Korea. Mpox vaccine to be supplied to the US.

The report highlights the potential long-term health consequences of COVID-19, specifically the increased risk of developing diabetes. The measles outbreak in Texas underscores the importance of vaccination. The mpox vaccine update indicates ongoing efforts to improve public health preparedness. The shingles vaccine study adds to the understanding of vaccine benefits beyond the targeted disease. The influenza antiviral analysis suggests limitations in their effectiveness for non-severe cases.

"The mechanisms behind COVID-19-induced diabetes may include direct damage of the pancreatic beta cells, inflammation, insulin resistance, and autoimmune responses."

"A shingles infection can cause blood vessel damage, inflammation and clot formation that can lead to heart disease. By preventing shingles, vaccination may lower these risks.

"Influenza vaccinations must remain the first line of defense."

The analysis underscores the ongoing public health challenges related to infectious diseases and their potential long-term effects. Monitoring COVID-19 survivors for new-onset diabetes is crucial. Vaccination efforts remain essential in controlling measles outbreaks. Continued research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of COVID-19 and the effectiveness of various vaccines and treatments.